Quantum cryptography is a method of data encryption and transmission using the principles of quantum physics. This method provides a higher level of security than traditional encryption methods.

What is quantum cryptography?

Quantum cryptography is a cutting-edge method of securing data based on the laws of quantum mechanics, rather than relying on computational complexity like traditional encryption. Its most common use is in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which enables the creation and exchange of encryption keys with unmatched security. The key advantage: any attempt to intercept or eavesdrop on the key exchange alters the quantum state and is immediately detectable. This makes quantum cryptography one of the most secure ways to protect data in transit.

How quantum cryptography appears in practice?

Examples of business applications:

• Securing communication between bank branches over fiber optics using QKD.
• Pilot deployments in government and defense systems.
• Quantum-secured data transmission between data centers.
• Satellite-to-ground links protected with quantum cryptography (e.g., China's Micius satellite project).
• Development of commercial quantum networking devices by companies like Toshiba or ID Quantique.

Summary:
Quantum cryptography is currently used in limited but critical infrastructure settings. The field is rapidly evolving and expected to play a key role in future-proofing data against threats from quantum computing.

How is quantum cryptography different from similar terms?

• Quantum cryptography – Based on the physical principles of quantum mechanics.
• Asymmetric cryptography – Uses mathematical functions like factoring for encryption.
• Post-quantum cryptography – Classical cryptographic algorithms designed to resist quantum attacks.

Explanation:
Traditional cryptographic methods may be broken by future quantum computers. Quantum cryptography offers an inherently secure alternative by relying on the laws of physics rather than algorithms. Unlike post-quantum cryptography, which upgrades mathematical approaches, quantum cryptography redefines the entire concept of secure communication.

How does the quantum cryptography in your company?

Recommended actions:

1. Assess if you handle long-term sensitive data (e.g., financial, legal, personal).
2. Stay informed about developments in QKD and post-quantum algorithms.
3. Engage with security and research experts to evaluate potential use cases.
4. Run a pilot project for quantum-secured communication in a high-value area.
5. Plan a long-term migration strategy toward quantum-resilient technologies.

Why act now:
Quantum computing is not science fiction—it’s a question of when, not if. Attackers may already be intercepting encrypted data today, planning to decrypt it years from now with quantum capabilities. Quantum cryptography and its post-quantum alternatives offer a way to future-proof your data. Organizations with long-term data protection needs should start preparing today.